What did scientists discover about electricity? Well one of it is electric charge, it is basically the matter that is made up of atoms which have positively charge nucleus and negatively charge electrons. The unit for electric charge is C. The other things that connect to electric charge is also electric current. Without charge we could not measure the flow past a point in an electric circuit. It is measure in Coulombs/second or also named Amperes. Let’s get back to electric charge before we continue talking about electric current.
We know that protons and electrons attract each other, and two protons repel each other and the same for electrons. These two creates electric field, the force of it is called the Coulomb force. And radiates outwards in all direction. An information by Serif Uran, a professor of physics at Pittsburg State University. “Electric field radiates outward from a charged particle similarly to how light radiates outward from a light bulb. Just as with the brightness of the light, the strength of the electric field decreases as the square of the distance from the source (1/r2). If you move twice as far away, the strength of the field decreases to one-fourth, and if you move three times as far away, the field decreases to one-ninth.” This happens because Protons are confine to the nuclei (consist of positively charged protons and electrically neutral neutrons) inside the atoms. They aren’t able to move freely compared to the electrons. So, when it’s about electric charge usually it means a subtraction or an adding of electrons. Now when an imbalance charge exists and electrons are able to flow, an electric current is created. Usually in most electric circuits the resistance to current flow is constant so it could relate to the voltage and resistance in the circuit by ohms law. Ohms law is used when people want to calculate the relationship between Voltage, current and resistance in the circuit. The Ratio of voltage to current is the resistance. If the ratio is constant in different voltage then the material is an “ohmic” material. Now if the material is characterizable by such resistance, then it can be predicted what is the electric current from the information (Voltage and Resistance) Then the formula for ohms law is : I = V/R or Electric current = Voltage / Resistance
To sum up all that was written is protons and electrons are the most important or the main thing in electric charge. I forgot to put in what the calculation does the Electric charge use although I mention and explained it. It uses the Coulomb’s law. The Formula for Coulomb’s law is F = k q1 x q2 / r^2 or Electric force = Coulomb constant Charge1 x charge2 / Distance of separation ^ 2. This all I have to explain. Thank you.
Bibliography
https://www.livescience.com/53144-electric-charge.html
http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/elecur.html#c1
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